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First In
Orson Pratt and Erastus Snow rode into the valley on July 21, 1847, the two of them on one horse. The main pioneer company came down the next day. On July 23 they moved camp to City Creek, dedicated the land, and had plows in the ground by noon.

The Plan
Surveyors Orson Pratt and Henry Sherwood laid the city out on a grid taken from Joseph Smith's plat of the City of Zion: ten-acre blocks, streets eight rods wide, and the temple block in the middle.

The Name
On August 22, 1847, the settlers voted to call it Great Salt Lake City. The river to the west became the Western Jordan.

Headquarters
The Church's worldwide headquarters are still here. The Church Administration Building on South Temple was built in 1917 for the offices of the Church President and other senior leaders.

• July 24, 1847: Brigham Young, too feverish to walk, reached the valley lying in Wilford Woodruff's carriage. The famous line is Woodruff's memory of that moment, told years later. In 1880 he recalled it as "It is enough. This is the right place. Drive on." In 1888 he remembered "this is our abiding place."
• July 28, 1847: Brigham Young and the Twelve walked to the ground between the two creeks and chose it for the temple. That evening the camp voted to lay out the city from there. Two days earlier, Brigham had stopped on that ground and pushed his cane into the soil.
• Late May 1848: Crickets swarmed the first crops. For weeks families beat at them with brooms, sticks and ropes. In early June flocks of California gulls came in and ate enough of them to hold down the damage. The Saints called it the Miracle of the Gulls.
• June 26, 1858: The U.S. Army marched through a nearly empty city at the end of the Utah War. About 8,000 people had lived here before the move south, and around 1,500 were left by mid-June. The temple foundation had been buried, so soldiers passing the block saw what looked like a plowed field.
• October 6, 1867: General conference met in the new Tabernacle for the first time. It stayed there until October 1999.
• January 10, 1870: Brigham Young drove the last spike of the Utah Central Railroad at the Salt Lake depot, tying the city to the transcontinental line at Ogden. Wilford Woodruff guessed the crowd at 12,000 to 15,000.
• April 6, 1893: President Wilford Woodruff dedicated the Salt Lake Temple, 40 years to the day after its cornerstones were laid.

1. This Is the Place Monument stands at the mouth of Emigration Canyon. The vanguard company camped at the canyon mouth on the night of July 21, 1847, and the main company caught up with it there the next morning. President George Albert Smith dedicated the monument on July 24, 1947. Mahonri Young, a grandson of Brigham Young, sculpted it, and he put Orson Pratt and Erastus Snow at the base.
2. The first camp in the valley was beside Parley's Creek, near today's 1700 South and 500 East, on July 22, 1847. The exact spot wasn't recorded. The marker shows the street corner the sources name.
3. City Creek's south branch is where the camp moved on July 23, between today's Main and State Streets and 300 and 400 South. Sources name only that block, so the marker sits in the middle of it.
4. Ensign Peak is the rounded hill north of downtown. Brigham Young climbed it with a small group on July 26, 1847, and they named it for Isaiah's ensign to the nations.
5. Temple Square is the block picked out in 1847, and the Salt Lake Temple stands on it. The domed Tabernacle is on the west side of the square. Its cornerstones went down in July 1864, and it was dedicated in October 1875, eight years after the first conference inside. The Assembly Hall, in the southwest corner, stands where the Old Tabernacle of 1851 to 1852 used to be. A block east on South Temple is the Beehive House, built in 1855 as Brigham Young's main home. The Lion House next door went up in 1856.
6. Pioneer Park, between 300 and 400 South and 200 and 300 West, is the site of the Old Fort. Within a month of arriving, the pioneers had 29 log homes up around it, and the valley's first school met there.
7. Temple Quarry, at the mouth of Little Cottonwood Canyon, is where the temple's quartz monzonite came from, about 20 miles from Temple Square. Quarrying for the temple started there in 1860. Wagon teams hauled the stone for two decades, until rail took over in the 1870s. A short Forest Service trail now runs through the old quarry pits.

• The crickets of 1848 weren't crickets. Entomologists class them as katydids, Anabrus simplex, and the species got the name Mormon cricket from that summer.
• Utah became a state on January 4, 1896. Two days later Governor Heber M. Wells was sworn in at the Tabernacle under a flag that covered the ceiling, with its 45th star lit by an electric light.
• Nails and washers for the Tabernacle were forged from leftover military equipment and worn-out ox shoes. The bolts were bought back East and shipped in.